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       
(Showing Draft Content)

创建3D场景

功能概述

场景编辑是将一系列模型组合成一个3D场景,通过添加数据标签,调整灯光,相机,特效等等设定,提升场景整体效果。

本文以一个示例来讲解如何创建3D场景。

创建3D场景文件

1. 创建3D场景

在文档门户首页单击加号,选择3D场景

image

2. 3D场景设计器

进入设计器,先来分区了解一下整个设计器。

image

编号

描述

说明和截图

A

场景菜单

  • 模型: 添加3D模型,并显示模型树形结构。用户可以显示、隐藏、删除或选中其中一个元素。

  • 光源: 为场景添加光源,支持平行光、点光源、聚光灯和半球光。

  • 数据图层: 为场景添加数据图层。

  • 动画:为场景添加动画

image

B

画布区域。

  • 中间是用来渲染和操作3D场景的画布。

  • 上方是三个按钮。

    • 场景设定: 用来对整个场景进行设定,点击后在右侧的属性设置区域进行具体设定。

    • 数据绑定:管理场景的数据集和数据模型。

    • 保存相机视角 :随时保存相机视角,预览时将使用最新保存的视角。

  • 下方是状态栏,包含:

    • 视图方向(侧视图、俯视图和主视图)

    • 操作模式(缩放、旋转和平移)

    • 显示性能数据

    • 高亮显示选中的模型元素

image

C

属性设置和数据绑定区。

  • 属性设置: 与其他设计器类似,此区域显示当前选中元素的属性设置项。

  • 数据绑定: 在数据图层添加数据标注后,即可进行数据绑定。

image

image

D

撤销、重做、保存、预览。


2. 添加3D模型到场景中

提供了两种方法将3D模型添加到3D场景中:共享模型和外部链接,共享模型是提前上传到系统中的文件,而外部链接指的是模型的URL链接。

这里以使用共享模型为例截图。

image

3. 模型节点调整

在左侧可展开模型结构,显示出包含的节点。单击选中模型节点,在右侧可以设置名称模型变换以及数据点漫游相机设置

image

3.1 设置模型节点名称

节点名称是匹配数据的关键,该名称必须是数据图层模型节点绑定字段中的值。

比如我们最终想要展示各客户地区的销售额,每个小房子代表一个客户地区。那么节点名称就必须是客户地区中的值,这样才能匹配上数据集或模型中的数据。

实际设置时,如果已经了解字段中的值,就可以直接输入。比如我十分了解将要使用的数据,客户地区中包含的字段有“东北”、“西北”等等。那就可以直接输入模型节点的名称。

image

您也可以先在数据图层绑定数据(详见下一节数据图层相关介绍)。

image

然后回到模型建模中,点击下拉按钮直接选择模型节点中绑定的数据即可。

image

3.2 设置模型节点位置/角度/大小

模型变换大类下显示和设置模型节点的平移、旋转或缩放倍数。将各个模型节点调至合适的位置、角度和大小。

image

利用右下角的功能健也可快速实现对模型节点的缩放、旋转和平移。

3D-缩放模型 3D-旋转模型 3D-平移模型

3.3 设置模型节点点击行为

支持定义模型节点的点击行为,例如点击聚焦,点击高亮,以及执行自定义脚本等等。

image

  • 绑定数据时允许:指的是如果当前节点绑定到了数据图层,该节点可以点击,默认会高亮该节点,并且选中绑定数据。

  • 允许:允许点击,这个时候可以指定点击行为,高亮,聚焦,或者自定义脚本(自定义脚本部分详见自定义脚本)。

image

  • 不允许:不支持点击。

4. 添加光源

还支持向场景中添加光源,支持平行光、点光源、聚光灯和半球光效果。

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选中光源,在右侧可调整强度。

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5. 场景设定

点击场景设定按钮,在右侧的属性设置中设置场景。

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分类

项目

说明

截图

场景设置

环境背景

默认有一个背景,支持更换其他场景,如演播室、蓝天白云等。

也可以选择自定义背景,然后添加背景URL。

(点击https://polyhaven.com/hdris 获取免费背景)

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环境模糊度

设置背景的模糊程度,最小为0.01。


地面

选择地面效果,可设置地面的图案、颜色、线的颜色、网格密度。

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模型选中颜色

设置选中模型的边框颜色(仅预览时生效)。

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加载样式

背景色

设置加载3D场景组件的加载画面背景色

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背景图片

设置加载3D场景组件的加载画面图片

数据点漫游设置

漫游设置

可全局设置聚焦时的高亮颜色、相机角度、距离、移动动画时间和相机停滞时间。

设置后,各个模型节点会继承该设置。但当模型节点自定义数据后,则以模型节点中的设置为准。

详见数据点漫游动画

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路径漫游设置

漫游设置

添加路径漫游设置,详见路径漫游动画

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相机

Alpha/Beta/距离上下限

控制相机Alpha弧度、Beta弧度以及距离的上下限制。

Beta 上下限范围为0.01到1.57;距离的上下限范围为0到500。

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开启景深效果

是否启用相机的景深效果。

开启后可设置焦距、光圈系数和模糊半径。

常规设置

场景参数

设置场景参数,详见参数

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全局筛选器

添加全局数据过滤器,详见添加数据筛选和过滤

语言资源

为场景中加载语言资源,加载后可在数据绑定区域为已绑定字段重命名时使用语言资源。

详细介绍请您参考应用语言资源

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文档外观

文档主题

设置场景文档主题。

更改主题时,字体颜色、字体大小、背景等都会受到影响。


数据交互


自定义编写JavaScript代码并选择执行的时机,与仪表板进行数据交互。

详见使用JS代码定制数据交互

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特效

粒子特效

向场景添加粒子效果。


飞升线条

添加飞升l为场景添加飞升线条效果。


抗锯齿

启用MSAA

是否启用MSAA方案。


启用FXAA

是否启用FXAA方案。


6. 保存场景

设置完成后,基本的一个3D场景就完成了,保存相机视角,并点击保存按钮保存场景。

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输入场景名称,选择合适的分类,并点击确定

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在门户网站中点击可预览场景。后续为您介绍,将设计的3D场景文件应用到仪表板中。

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