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       
(Showing Draft Content)

连接网络型JSON时使用参数

功能概述

在与网络型 JSON 数据源对接时,还支持在某些配置项中使用参数,从而实现通过动态变量传值进行数据过滤。

具体支持使用参数的配置项有:

  1. 基准地址或端点地址中。

  2. 请求头中,全局请求头和端点地址请求头中均支持使用参数。

  3. 有效载荷中。

引用参数时,需要使用符号“@”,如参数为P1,那么使用@P1 来引用参数1。

注意

我们在连接网络型 JSON 数据源时,有两种参数:一是基准地址参数;二是端点地址参数。

这两种参数的用法是完全相同的,只是有效范围不同。基准地址参数在基准地址以及所有下属端点地址中均有效,而端点地址参数仅在当前端点地址中有效。

也就是说,基准地址参数可以在当前基准地址及下属端点地址中所有可使用参数的配置项中使用。而端点地址参数仅在端点地址内部的配置项中使用。

文中我们以一个全局参数为例为您展示参数的使用过程。

操作介绍

1. 在添加基准地址时添加一个基准地址参数。并设置参数名称,数据类型和默认值(预览数据源或在数据集中使用时,可以更改此过滤值)。

image

image2021-11-8_16-55-45.png

2. 使用参数。使用问号 ?和 @ 符号进行连接和参数引用。

由于此参数为基准地址参数,所以在基准地址或端点地址中均可使用。例子中,我们添加端点地址,将参数应用到端点地址中。

image

在端点地址中使用参数将 userId 进行数据过滤。

image

为端点地址进行详细配置,并验证成功。

image

预览数据。

image2021-11-8_17-9-39.png


image2021-11-8_17-10-15.png

确认无误后即可创建数据源。

image2021-3-19_9-52-17.png

type=info

提示


当有多个参数时,多个参数之间使用&符号连接。比如下图所示:

image

4. 保存数据源,在门户网站中进行预览。

会弹出参数输入框,输入框中显示了参数的默认值,此时您可以更改参数值然后进行预览。

image

5. 比如我们将参数值修改为了 4,进行预览,则仅将 userId 为 4 的数据返回。

image2021-3-19_10-0-20.png

image2021-11-8_17-13-46.png


使用带参数的 JSON 数据源创建数据集后,会自动添加数据源参数,如下图所示,您也可以修改过滤值。

image2020-9-18_11-57-6.png

在报表数据集中还可以使其等于一个相同数据类型的数据集参数,这样就可以实现根据手动输入来动态修改参数值进行数据过滤。

image2020-9-18_12-0-51.png

type=info

提示

在报表中直连带参数的 JSON 数据源时,仅支持单个基准地址的情况。

多值参数

JSON 数据源支持多值参数,但默认值只能用逗号“,”分隔。

比如我们将上例中的基准地址参数开启多值,并设定默认值为2,4。

image2021-11-8_17-48-55.png

分隔符: 用来设定多值参数在URL中拼接时的字符。默认为空,会被解析为& 符号并重复过滤参数,如 “userId=2&userId=4”。但当您填入其他符号时,则会使用填入的符号直接拼接多值内容,如“userId=2-4”。

如上图填写后,我们先来看一下发出的请求内容。

单击页面右侧的请求预览,查看请求内容。

image\

可见多值参数在 URL中使用 & 符号拼接起来了,并且重复了参数内容。

image2021-11-8_17-55-54.png

此时我们来预览数据,其效果如下,将 userId=2 和 userId=4 的数据都过滤出来了。

image2021-11-8_17-59-16.png

而当我们将多值参数的分隔符填写为一个短横线时,如下图所示。

image2021-11-8_17-57-31.png

再来看发出的请求内容,可见拼接方法已经不同。直接使用分隔符将两个多值连接。

这就是分隔符的用法:当不填写分隔符时,发出的请求会使用&符号拼接,并重复参数,但是当填入分隔符时则使用填入的符号直接连接默认值。

image2021-11-8_18-0-27.png

注意

这里值得注意的是,仅当多值参数用在 URL 中才是用以上拼接规则。

如果把多值参数用在其他地方,比如请求头和有效载荷中时,不论分隔符填写什么,多值参数都只会被解析成数组进行传递。如[2,4]。

image2021-11-8_18-6-9.png

URL查询字符串中对参数值编码的注意事项

当参数应用在 URL 的查询字符串(也即URL中问号之后的部分)中时,会将参数值进行 URL 编码。可通过请求预览查看最终发出的 URL 请求内容。

比如 “=” 会被编码成 “%3D”。

请看下面的示例,p1 应用在了 URL 的问号之前,p2 应用在 URL 的问号之后。

image2022-2-9_11-14-31.png

我们单击请求预览,预览实际发出的请求内容。

image2022-2-9_11-17-11.png

可见,p1 的参数值并未编码,还保持为 “%3D”,而 p2 的参数却经过了 URL 编码,“==”编码为了“%3D%3D”。

基于此情况,请您在设计参数值时考虑URL编码问题,通过预览功能查看实际发出的最终URL是否符合预期。

image2022-2-9_11-18-25.png