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       
(Showing Draft Content)

连接网络型JSON

功能概述

本文为您介绍连接网络型 JSON 数据的过程。

操作介绍

1. 在系统的门户网站中单击加号,选择数据源

image2022-5-12_16-13-41.png


2. 在左侧数据源列表或者在右侧图标视图中选择文件型数据源 Json

image2021-5-6_12-3-25.png

type=info

提示

如未见数据源的连接入口,需请管理员到后台管理的数据源管理中勾选该数据源,仅勾选的数据源可以使用。更多介绍,请见数据源管理

3. 创建连接。

首先为数据源命名,选择源类型网络

可见配置页面分为了左右两部分,左半部分是全局配置,右半部分是每个端点地址的配置。

image

我们先来看左半部分:

全局配置

基准地址,端点地址:在连接网络型 Json 数据时,我们将最终的 URL 拆分成了“基准地址”和“端点地址”两部分。

一个基准地址可搭配多个端点地址,这样就可以通过一个数据源来连接多个基准地址相同的 JOSN URL。最终在数据源中一个端点地址就是一张数据表。

并且支持添加多个基准地址,这样一来,就可以通过一个 JSON 数据源将相关的数据都汇总起来,更加方便查看和管理。

比如有两个网络 JSON 数据,URL如下:

https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts

https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/comments

这两个 URL 的加粗部分相同,也就是基准地址,而剩余的部分就是他们各自的端点地址。

现在我们通过数据源连接它们。

首先单击基准地址后的加号,添加一个基准地址。

image


为基准地址添加名称和 URL,然后保存。

  • 参数:在基准地址中添加 URL 参数进行数据过滤,此参数相比端点地址中添加的参数用法相同,但可用范围较广,可在基准地址以及下属所有端点地址中使用。有关参数的详细介绍请见连接网络型JSON时使用参数

  • 请求头:全局添加 Http 头字段,可以设置字段名称和字段值,配置之后所有的端点地址都可以使用。但如果端点地址配置中也配置了请求头,则优先使用端点地址配置。

image2021-11-8_11-0-25.png

接下来添加端点地址。在端点地址右侧点击加号。

image

配置端点地址。

image

名称: 必填项,为端点地址命名。

基准地址: 选择该端点地址使用的基准地址,这里我们选择之前创建的基准地址 001。您也可以选择 “None” 不使用任何基准地址,直接在端点地址中呈现URL的全部内容。

基准地址参数: 如您在基准地址中添加了参数在此处就可以看到这些参数,方便在端点地址中使用。

API地址: 必填项,填入 URL 去除基准地址后的剩余部分,作为端点地址。如 https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/ posts 中的 “ posts ”。

端点地址参数: 在端点地址中添加 URL 参数进行数据过滤,此参数与基准地址参数的用法相同,但可用范围较小,仅在当前端点地址中使用。

有关参数的详细介绍请见连接网络型JSON时使用参数


保存之后可以在全局配置下的端点地址列表中看到保存的端点地址,但端点地址是未验证的状态。

接下里需要在右侧为端点地址进行详细配置,配置之后进行验证使端点地址生效。每个端点地址均需验证。

image

端点地址配置

请求方法: 根据服务端的设定选择使用 GET或 POST 的请求方法。

认证: 下拉选择认证模式为 无或其他公用授权项。如需添加授权项,请按照以下提示内容进行添加。

type=info

提示

添加授权项的步骤:

1)单击右侧的加号按钮。

image


2)为认证授权项命名,选择认证模式为 Basic 或 OAuth2。

当认证模式为 Basic 时,需设置用户名和密码。

当认证模式为 OAuth2 时,需设置授权类型、TokenEndpoint、ClientID、ClientSecret、用户名和密码等信息。

image2021-3-18_13-58-30.png


3)保存。保存之后,所有的端点地址在配置认证信息时,都可以在下拉列表中选择使用公用的授权项。免去一一配置的麻烦。

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基准地址参数: 显示端点地址所用基准地址中的的参数列表,方便您在端点地址配置中使用这些参数。

端点地址参数: 显示当前端点地址中已添加的参数,也可以单击右侧加号添加新的参数。

端点地址请求头: 为当前选择的端点地址配置请求头,可添加 Http 头字段,可设置字段名称和字段值。

如果端点地址配置和全局配置中都配置了请求头,则会优先使用端点地址配置中的请求头。如果端点地址中未配置请求头,则会继承全局中的请求头。

有效载荷: 当使用 POST 请求方法时,可根据需要传输数据的类型设置有效载荷。

预查询: 查询 Json 数据,可以选择“ Json路径 ”直接填写路径进行读取;也可以选择“ SQL语句(使用Json函数) ”对Json数据进行预处理。

  • Json路径:即解析JSON数据结构并取出指定数据集合的JSON Path表达式,如 $.bookstore.books[*]。有关JSON Path的语法,参见http://goessner.net/articles/JsonPath/

  • SQL语句(使用Json函数):使用Json 函数对Json 数据进行预处理,可解析数据行的字符串单元格,并且可与其他表进行连接。详见Json 函数详解

端点地址验证

单击请求预览可预览整个请求的信息,方便您查看请求是否符合预期。

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单击验证按钮,进行验证。

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验证通过后,端点地址列表中显示成功,端点地址添加完成。您可以通过预览按钮,预览数据。

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接下来,按照上述操作添加其他端点地址,并验证。

添加完成之后,单击页面右下角的创建,创建数据源。

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4. 创建成功后,在门户网站单击可预览数据源。可见不同的端点地址最终会呈现为不同的数据表。

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注意事项

  • 当使用本地 Json 文件出现乱码时,请将文件存储为 UTF-8 编码,然后再次上传。

  • 使用 Json 数据源时如果检测到有重名列时,只有首次出现的列会被保留,重名列上的数据会被抛弃。