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为了便于理解,我们先用两个简单的示例来感受一下什么是表达式。
例1: 当我们在文本框中输入“{1+2}”时,实际预览显示的是运算结果“3”。
例2: 当我们在文本框中绑定字段时,如绑定“ 类别名称 ”,在文本框的属性设置面板中可以看出它的实际数据是一个自动生成的表达式“ {Count(类别名称)} ”。预览时,显示的是运算后的结果“1000”。
另外,数据过滤章节中的用户/组织上下文信息,表格组件中的表格行号以及报表外观中的条件格式化都是用表达式达到预期效果的。
通过这些示例,我们可以看出表达式都是以等号“=”开头且预览时会进行运算处理,它既可以用于报表内容显示也可以用于报表元素行为的控制。
由于表达式的构成元素非常丰富,使得它的应用场景更是广泛灵活。其中最常用的应用场景包含以下几种:
数据集字段值的再加工
–比如我们通过使用 {购买数量 * 产品单价 * (1 - 折扣)} 来得到 订单金额 。
报表元素行为控制
– 比如显示或隐藏某个报表元素(如动态显示组件)
条件格式化
– 比如高亮显示重点关注的数据(如IIF函数示例)
多数据集关联
– 比如使用Lookup函数进行多表关联(如Lookup函数示例-同一表格中显示不同数据集的数据)
动态数据集
– 比如根据参数决定最终SQL语句(如动态SQL查询)