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杜邦分析

实现效果

杜邦分析是主要用来分析公司的财务报告，以评估该公司的盈利能力和股东权益的收益水平，主要财务指标包括权益净利率、资产净利率、销售净利率、资产周转率等等， 现在甚至用来估计销售增长率。

将公司净资产收益率进行逐级的分解，以此来深入呈现和分析整个公司的业绩状况。

下图是在仪表板中制作的一个杜邦分析的示例：

image

资源下载

杜邦分析示例.zip

下载资源包，然后将其导入系统，可以看到具体的设计细节，方便您参考学习。

实现分析

接下来就看怎样在仪表板中实现这样一个需求。

首先我们可以看到整体上杜邦分析图是一层层的逐级向下分解的效果，而这种效果是通过手动拼接起来的。

  • 每一个指标是一个KPI组件，需要绑定需要的指标，而具体的指标则是使用分析表达式创建的度量值。然后在为其添加背景图片得到美化效果。

    image2021-12-30_16-53-32.png

  • 指标之间的符号以及指标之间的连接线是提前制作好的一个个图片。

    image2021-12-30_16-56-47.png

接下来，我们来看杜邦分析的重点，也即指标的计算。

从上图中我们可以得出，示例中指标的计算如下，逐层向下分解展开计算：

权益净利率=资产净利率*权益乘数

资产净利率=销售净利率*资产周转率

权益乘数=资产总额/所有者权益

销售净利率=税后净利润/营业收入

资产周转率=营业收入/资产总额

等等，实际中您可以根据具体的需求定制自己公司的杜邦分析图。

数据处理

从杜邦分析效果图中可以看到从上到下是依次进行的分解，所以我们在实际添加度量值时需要从下而上来添加，这样前面的添加的度量值就可以在后续的计算中使用了。

首先来看最下方的这些指标，有了这些指标才可以得出“ 成本总额 ”。

image2021-12-30_17-13-7.png

每个指标都是一个度量值 。

image2021-12-30_17-11-51.png

1. 销售费用：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002004",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0))

2. 业务成本：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002001"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002002",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0))

3. 管理费用：

SUMX(Filter( '财务数据表', '财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002005"),'财务数据表'[本月金额])

4. 财务费用：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002006",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0))

5. 税金：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002003",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0)) +SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR004001",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0))

6. 其他成本：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002007"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002008"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002009"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR002010",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0))

最基础的六个指标得到后，就可以继续向上计算。

image2021-12-30_17-49-45.png

成本总额：

'财务数据表'[业务成本]+'财务数据表'[销售费用]+'财务数据表'[管理费用]+'财务数据表'[财务费用]+'财务数据表'[税金]+'财务数据表'[其他成本]+'财务数据表'[营业外支出]

依据此规律，我们逐层向上得到其他所需的指标。

这里给出示例中所需的所有指标的表达式，供您参考。

营业收入：

SUMX('财务数据表',if('财务数据表'[项目ID]="LR001",'财务数据表'[本月金额],0))

税后净利润：

'财务数据表'[收入]-'财务数据表'[成本总额]

销售净利率：

DIVIDE('财务数据表'[税后净利润],'财务数据表'[收入])

资产周转率：

Divide('财务数据表'[营业收入],'财务数据表'[资产总额])

资产净利率：

'财务数据表'[销售净利率]*'财务数据表'[资产周转率]

其他流动资产：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ003"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ011"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ012",'财务数据表'[期末余额],0))

存货：

sumx('财务数据表',if('财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ010",'财务数据表'[期末余额],0))

应收：

sumx('财务数据表',if('财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ004"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ005"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ006"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ007"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ008"||'财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ009",'财务数据表'[期末余额],0))

货币资金：

SUMX('财务数据表',IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ002",'财务数据表'[期末余额],0))

流动资产：

'财务数据表'[货币资金]+'财务数据表'[应收]+'财务数据表'[存货]+'财务数据表'[其他流动资产]

其他流动资产：

'财务数据表'[货币资金]+'财务数据表'[应收]+'财务数据表'[存货]+'财务数据表'[其他流动资产]

长期资产：

'财务数据表'[长期投资]+'财务数据表'[固定资产]+'财务数据表'[无形资产]+'财务数据表'[其他资产]

资产总额：

'财务数据表'[流动资产]+'财务数据表'[长期资产]

所有者权益：

SUMX( '财务数据表', IF('财务数据表'[项目ID]="ZCFZ064",'财务数据表'[期末余额],0))

权益乘数：

DIVIDE(1,(1-'财务数据表'[资产负债率]))

权益净利率：

'财务数据表'[资产净利率]*'财务数据表'[权益乘数]

可视化

使用 KPI 组件。

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绑定所需指标。

image2021-12-30_18-7-49.png


设置数字显示格式，以及副标题样式，最后添加背景图片。

image2021-12-30_18-10-3.png

image2021-12-30_18-9-42.png

image2021-12-30_18-8-47.png

继续添加其他指标并手动排版成型。

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